連接詞與副詞子句 | Conjunctions & Adverbial Clauses
| 編號 | 用法 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| (1) | A and B | A 和 B |
| (2) | both A and B | A 和 B(兩者都) |
| (3) | 祈使句…, and ~ | 祈使句…,那麼 ~ |
| 編號 | 用法 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| (1) | A or B | A 或 B |
| (2) | either A or B | A 或 B(兩者擇一) |
| (3) | 祈使句…, or ~ | 祈使句…,否則 ~ |
| 編號 | 用法 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| (1) | S. + V…, but… | S. + V…,但是… |
| (2) | not A but B | 不是 A 而是 B |
| (3) | not only A but (also) B | 不只是 A 而且 B |
| 編號 | 用法 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| (1) | S. + V…, so… | S. + V…,所以… |
| (2) | so + beV + S. / so + 助V + S. | S. 也~ |
| (3) | so + adj. / adv. | 如此地… ~ |
| 編號 | 用法 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| (1) | neither A nor B | 既不是 A 也不是 B |
| (2) | neither + beV + S. / neither + 助V + S. | S. 也不 ~ |
| 對等連接詞 | 從屬連接詞 |
|---|---|
|
連接詞的兩端是對等的單字、片語或子句 例:and(和;而且)、or(或者)、but(但是)、so(所以)、for(因為) |
連接詞引導的從屬子句,修飾主要子句,說明時間順序、因果或條件 例:before(在…之前)、when(當…)、if(如果)、although(雖然)、as long as(只要) |
| 編號 | 連接詞 | 用法 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | when | + 前句 同時發生 的動作 | 當… |
| (2) | before | + 後發生的動作 | 在…之前 |
| (3) | after | + 先發生的動作 | 在…之後 |
| (4) | if | + 條件句 | 如果;是否 |
| (5) | whether | + 是非題 的句子 | 無論是否 |
| (6) | as soon as | + 前句 同時發生 的動作 | 一…就… |
| (7) | as long as | + 條件句 | 只要 |
| (8) | because | + 前句的 原因 | 因為 |
| (9) | (al)though | + 前後 文意相反 的句子 | 雖然 |
| (10) | so that | + 前方動作的 目的 | 以便於 |
| (11) | so…that… | + 前方狀態的 結果 | 如此…以致於 |
| (12) | until | + 前方動作的停止點 | 直到…為止 |
| 過去簡單式 | 過去進行式 |
|---|---|
|
Kevin dropped the cup when the phone rang. → 當電話響時,Kevin 摔落了杯子。(兩件事同時發生) |
Kevin was sleeping when the phone rang. → 當電話響時,Kevin 正在睡覺。(表示某動作正在進行時,發生了另一個短暫的動作。) |
| 句型 | 說明 |
|---|---|
| 主要子句 + when / while 引導的從屬子句. = When / While 引導的從屬子句, 主要子句. |
(1) While I was walking home, it began to rain. → 當我走路回家時,開始下雨了。(想強調的是走路回家那段期間) (2) When it began to rain, I was standing under a bridge. → 開始下雨時,我正站在橋下。(想強調的是開始下雨的那個時候) (3) I was taking a shower when you called. → 當你打電話來的時候,我正在沖澡。 (4) The door bell rang while Cindy was studying. → 當 Cindy 正在讀書時,門鈴響了。 |
| 說明 | 句型 |
|---|---|
| 1. before(在……之前)和 after(在……之後)用來連接兩個有「時間順序」關係的子句。 | 主要子句 + before / after 引導的從屬子句. |
| 2. before / after 放句首時,其引導的子句後要加逗號;放句中時,則不需逗號。 | = Before / After 引導的從屬子句, 主要子句. |
| 3. before 和 after 的句子可以互相替換。 |
| 句型 | 說明 |
|---|---|
| 主要子句(未來式)+ if + 條件子句(現在簡單式). = If + 條件子句(現在簡單式), 主要子句(未來式). |
If Anna comes tomorrow, I will give her the gift. → I will give Anna the gift if she comes tomorrow. (如果 Anna 明天來,我會給她禮物) |
| 句型 | 說明 |
|---|---|
| 結果子句 + because + 原因子句. = Because + 原因子句, 結果子句. |
I was hungry because I didn't have lunch. = I didn't have lunch, so I was hungry. (我很餓,因為我沒有吃午餐) |
| 說明 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 1. though 當連接詞時,可與 although 互換,通常 although 使用上比 though 正式。 | |
| 2. though 也可當副詞,意同 however(然而;不過),通常置於句尾,於口語中常見; although 則只能當連接詞。 | I'm full. I can have some fruit, though. (我飽了,不過我可以吃些水果。) |
I wanted to go to the party, _____ I was too tired.
_____ it was raining, we decided to stay home.
Study hard, _____ you will pass the exam.
_____ I finish my homework, I will go to bed.
_____ he was tired, he continued working.
(She can speak two languages.) She speaks _____ Chinese and English.
Hurry up, _____ you'll miss the bus!
I will call you _____ I arrive at the station.
I had a fever, _____ I didn't go to the party last night.
_____ James didn't prepare for the math test, he still got a 30.
If my mom ______, tell her I'm in a meeting.
Please tell Mr. White I'm on the fifth floor _____ he calls.
_____ I see that girl in the library every day, I don't know her name.
Anna loves Hans very much _____ he is not a good guy.
He went to bed _____ he brushed his teeth.
I was _____ in the living room when the phone rang (鈴響).
Timmy works hard. He works _____ 12 a.m. every day.
Your hands are dirty! Wash your hands _____ you eat.
We'll be ready _____ the typhoon comes.
_____ you arrive at the airport, give me a call.